Is Dementia a Disability? Understanding the Facts

Originally Published Mar 16, 2023

Introduction

Dementia is a progressive neurological disorder that affects an individual's memory, thinking, and behavior. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), approximately 50 million people worldwide have dementia, and this number is expected to triple by 2050. In Australia, there are more than 400,000 Australians living with Dementia as of 2023.  As the prevalence of dementia continues to increase, there is a growing need to understand the relationship between dementia and disability. In this article, we will explore whether dementia is considered a disability, why it is classified as such, and what benefits and support are available to individuals with dementia. We will also briefly mention how Physio Inq services can help support individuals with dementia and their caregivers.

Table of Contents

I. Introduction
II. Is Dementia a Type of Disability?
III. Why is Dementia Considered a Disability?
IV. Is Dementia Classed as a Disability for NDIS?
V. Are You Entitled to any Benefits if You Have Dementia?
VI. Is Dementia Considered a Disability for Medicare?
VII. Can Dementia Patients Still Work?
VIII. What are Signs that Dementia is Getting Worse?
IX. Conclusion

Is Dementia a Type of Disability?

Dementia is classified as a type of disability because it can cause functional limitations that impact an individual's ability to perform everyday tasks. The term "disability" is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as "an umbrella term, covering impairments, activity limitations, and participation restrictions." Dementia can cause a range of cognitive, physical, and emotional impairments that can limit an individual's ability to engage in daily activities. 

In addition to functional limitations, dementia can also cause social and psychological disabilities. For instance, individuals with dementia may experience feelings of social isolation, anxiety, and depression, as well as memory loss, confusion, and difficulty communicating. These disabilities can impact an individual's overall quality of life and ability to participate in society.

However, it's important to note that the classification of dementia as a disability can vary depending on the context. In some cases, individuals with dementia may be eligible for disability benefits or support services, while in other cases, they may not meet the criteria for disability classification. It's crucial for individuals and their caregivers to understand their entitlements and access to support services based on their specific circumstances.

Why is Dementia Considered a Disability?

Dementia is considered a disability because it can cause a range of cognitive, physical, and emotional impairments that can limit an individual's ability to perform everyday tasks. These impairments can include memory loss, difficulty with language and communication, and changes in behavior and mood. Dementia can also impact an individual's ability to navigate their environment and interact with others.

The social and economic impact of dementia also contributes to its classification as a disability. Dementia can result in significant healthcare costs, as well as lost productivity for individuals who are unable to work due to their symptoms. The emotional toll on caregivers and family members can also be significant, leading to increased rates of depression and anxiety.

Given the wide range of impairments caused by dementia, it is important to recognize it as a disability to ensure that individuals with dementia have access to the support and services they need.

Is Dementia Classed as a Disability for NDIS?

The National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) is an Australian government-funded program that provides support and services to individuals with disabilities, including those with dementia. To be eligible for the NDIS, individuals must have a permanent and significant disability that impacts their ability to perform daily tasks.

In the case of dementia, eligibility for the NDIS is based on the severity of an individual's symptoms and the impact on their daily activities. Individuals with dementia may be eligible for support and services such as home modifications, mobility aids, and assistance with daily living tasks. The NDIS also provides funding for respite care, which can be beneficial for caregivers who may need a break from their caregiving responsibilities.

To be eligible for the NDIS, individuals must first undergo an assessment to determine their level of disability and the types of support and services they require. This assessment is conducted by the National Disability Insurance Agency (NDIA), which is responsible for administering the NDIS.

If an individual with dementia is deemed eligible for the NDIS, they will be provided with a plan that outlines the types of support and services they are entitled to. This plan is reviewed regularly to ensure that it continues to meet the individual's needs.

Are You Entitled to any Benefits if You Have Dementia?

In addition to the NDIS, there are a range of other benefits and support services available to individuals with dementia, depending on their country of residence. In Australia, for example, individuals with dementia may be eligible for a range of government benefits, including:

The Disability Support Pension: This is a means-tested payment for individuals who are unable to work due to their disability. To be eligible, individuals must have a permanent disability that is expected to last for at least two years.

Carer Payment: This is a payment for individuals who provide full-time care to someone with a disability, including dementia. To be eligible, the caregiver must meet certain criteria, such as providing more than 20 hours of care per week.

Carer Allowance: This is a supplementary payment for individuals who provide care to someone with a disability. It is not means-tested, but the caregiver must meet certain eligibility criteria.

Other countries may have similar benefits and support services available for individuals with dementia and their caregivers.

Is Dementia Considered a Disability for Medicare?

Medicare is a government-funded healthcare program that provides coverage for medical services and treatments. In Australia, Medicare covers a range of services related to dementia, including diagnosis, treatment, and management.

While dementia is considered a type of disability, it is not specifically classified as a disability for Medicare purposes. However, individuals with dementia may be eligible for Medicare coverage for certain services, such as:

Medical consultations: Medicare covers visits to general practitioners and specialists, including neurologists and geriatricians, for the diagnosis and management of dementia.

Allied health services: Medicare provides coverage for a range of allied health services, including physiotherapy, occupational therapy, and speech therapy, which can be beneficial for individuals with dementia.

Prescription medications: Medicare covers a range of prescription medications for the treatment of dementia, including cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine

In addition, Medicare also provides coverage for services related to mental health, which can be important for individuals with dementia who may experience depression, anxiety, or other mental health concerns. This coverage includes visits to psychologists, psychiatrists, and other mental health professionals.

It's important to note that while Medicare does provide coverage for certain services related to dementia, there may be limitations and out-of-pocket costs associated with these services. It's crucial for individuals and their caregivers to understand their entitlements and potential costs associated with Medicare coverage for dementia-related services.

In some cases, individuals with dementia may also be eligible for additional government benefits and support services, such as the National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) or aged care support. It's important to explore all available options and resources to ensure individuals with dementia receive the care and support they need.

Can Dementia Patients Still Work?

In the early stages of dementia, many individuals are still able to work and may continue to do so for several years. However, as the condition progresses, it can become more difficult to maintain employment due to cognitive and physical impairments.

Individuals with dementia may be eligible for workplace accommodations and support to help them continue to work for as long as possible. These accommodations can include flexible work arrangements, modified job duties, and assistive technologies.

Ultimately, the decision to continue working with dementia will depend on the individual's level of impairment and the nature of their job. It is important to have open and honest communication with employers about any limitations caused by dementia and to explore all available options for support and accommodations.

What are Signs that Dementia is Getting Worse?

Dementia is a progressive condition, which means that symptoms tend to worsen over time. Some common signs that dementia is getting worse include:

Increased memory loss: Individuals with dementia may have difficulty remembering recent events or conversations, and may ask the same questions repeatedly.

Difficulty with language and communication: Dementia can cause difficulty with finding the right words or understanding what others are saying.

Changes in mood: Individuals with dementia may experience mood swings, depression, or anxiety.

Changes in behavior: Dementia can cause individuals to become agitated, restless, or even aggressive. They may also have difficulty with everyday tasks, such as dressing or bathing.

As dementia progresses, individuals may also experience changes in their motor skills and coordination, such as difficulty with balance and walking. They may also have difficulty with activities such as eating or using the toilet, and may require assistance with these tasks.

Other signs that dementia is getting worse can include changes in sleep patterns, hallucinations or delusions, and an increased risk of falls or accidents. These symptoms can vary from person to person and may depend on the type of dementia and the stage of the disease.

It's important for caregivers and loved ones to monitor these symptoms and seek medical attention if they become concerned about changes in an individual's behavior or cognitive abilities. Early intervention and treatment can help to slow the progression of dementia and improve quality of life for individuals and their caregivers.

Conclusion

Dementia is a complex and challenging condition that can have a significant impact on individuals and their families. While it is considered a type of disability, there are a range of support services and benefits available to help individuals with dementia and their caregivers.

The NDIS is one such program that provides funding for a range of services, including in-home support, respite care, and specialist equipment. In addition, individuals with dementia may be eligible for other government benefits, such as the Disability Support Pension and Carer Payment.

While dementia is not specifically classified as a disability for Medicare purposes, individuals with dementia may be eligible for Medicare coverage for a range of services, including medical consultations, allied health services, and prescription medications.

Finally, while it may be possible for individuals with dementia to continue working, it is important to have open and honest communication with employers and explore all available options for support and accommodations.

If you or your loved one has been diagnosed with dementia, it's essential to access the right support services to manage the condition's symptoms and maintain a good quality of life. Physio Inq offers a range of allied health services, including physiotherapy, occupational therapy, and speech therapy, that can help individuals with dementia manage their symptoms and improve their overall well-being. Get in touch with Physio Inq today via phone on 1300 731 733 to learn how their services can assist individuals with dementia and their families or book an appointment or make a referral. 

Written on behalf of Physio Inq